A0001 冼星海（1905年6月13日 – 1945年10月30日）
冼星海，作曲家、鋼琴家。祖籍廣東廣州府番禺縣（現屬廣州市南沙區欖核鎮），1905年6月13日出生於澳門，曾用名黃訓、孔宇，1911年，隨母親到新加坡，在養正學校（今養正小學）讀書，進入學校軍樂隊接受音樂訓練。1918年，就讀於廣州嶺南大學附屬中學並學習小提琴。1926年，他於北京大學音樂傳習所、國立藝術專科學校修讀音樂系。1928年，於上海國立音樂專科學校學習小提琴和鋼琴。1929年，到巴黎師從提琴家保羅•奧別多菲爾和作曲家文森特•丹第和保羅•杜卡斯。1931年，考入巴黎音樂學院，在巴黎聖樂學校作曲班學習。1935年回國後，積極參加救亡群眾歌曲之創作，並為多部電影及話劇配樂。抗戰開始後，參加「上海救亡演劇二隊」，再往武漢負責救亡歌詠工作。1938年10月1日，他與新婚不久的妻子錢韻玲，一同前往延安，擔任魯迅藝術學院音樂系主任；期間創作《黃河大合唱》和《生產大合唱》等作品。1940年，赴蘇聯學習與工作；期間，寫有交響曲《民族解放》、《神聖之戰》，管弦樂組曲《滿江紅》，管弦樂《中國狂想曲》以及小提琴曲《郭治爾•比戴》等。因勞累和營養不良，患肺結核病，於1945年10月30日病逝於莫斯科，在當地安葬，獲「人民音樂家」稱號，至1980年代，骨灰移回中國，最終安葬於廣州，建有冼星海墓。
XIAN Xing-hai (June 13, 1905 – October 30, 1945) was a composer and pianist. He was born in Macau, with ancestral roots in Panyu County, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province (currently part of Nansha District, Guangzhou). His original names were HUANG Xun and KONG Yu. In 1911, he moved to Singapore with his mother and studied at Yangzheng School (now Yangzheng Primary School), where he joined the school military band and received music training. In 1918, he attended Lingnan University Affiliated Middle School in Guangzhou and studied the violin.
In 1926, XIAN Xing-hai enrolled in the Music Extension Institute at Peking University and the National Art Specialized School in Beijing, studying music. He continued his studies in Shanghai at the National Music Specialized School in 1928, focusing on the violin and piano. In 1929, he traveled to Paris and studied under violinist Paul Oboussier, as well as composers Vincent d’Indy and Paul Dukas. In 1931, he was admitted to the Paris Conservatory, where he attended the composition class at the Paris Schola Cantorum.
After returning to China in 1935, XIAN Xing-hai actively participated in the creation of songs for the Salvation Movement and composed music for several films and plays. When the war broke out, he joined the “Shanghai Salvation Drama Troupe” and later went to Wuhan to work on patriotic song compositions. On October 1, 1938, he and his recently married wife, QIAN Yun-ling, went to Yan’an, where he served as the head of the Music Department at the Lu Xun Academy of Arts. During this time, he composed works such as “The Yellow River Cantata” and “The Great War Cantata”.
In 1940, XIAN Xing-hai went to the Soviet Union for further study and work. During his time there, he composed symphonies such as “Liberation of the Nation” and “The Sacred War,” as well as orchestral works like “The Red River Valley Suite”, “Chinese Rhapsody”, and the violin piece “Guo Zhi’er Bide”. Due to overwork and malnutrition, he contracted tuberculosis and passed away on October 30, 1945, in Moscow, where he was buried. He was posthumously honored with the title of “People’s Musician”. In the 1980s, his ashes were brought back to China and finally laid to rest in Guangzhou. A monument was erected at XIAN Xing-hai’s tomb.